ÿWPC— þ†ZçÖkëa$h‹³ð¬E¬ŠAêðr6üúƒ2› ù¡ç4¾ ÿ*Kn4G²…m/V­O=0~Y@Í#ß4àAmùƒ^^`”ŸÑ·â›U³ ¸¶­0J:Ó@K¤*5øo€öý½šÀzEz %qî;{JKŽ=ÇÞ{½Z¹ÿÁbº°µvcð^CÅ+ùŸR±¿¨4?hƒ~•=£áµ âEVÆnÌîa ?150°„>Ž5{½`cü “ yrT fÚ[¯èDg“®%ö™¿W}^û:íf?®ÕòóA´>‚b¨8B}º"{¢¢éD€¾ð, ¢!ˆ˜¹êûdßÐ#p0÷c‰¢ú€¼Þû+e¦*†¥<èbt0pBk÷׫b†}Ð .vüœOzoÕ¯çùš¨Ð§ºÊ_³Ånò3)ÒBU˾žÜï·_É\[SbrªÛ{„À$èÛ`ùÇ >ÖD!ÖÈ­c‹ÜpÜ6!lpPRI0yev§˜° to7ÓwÄ äD;ñò òñ>ñPART€III€ñ>ñó óñ>ñÐ ° ÐÌñ?ñò òñ?ñArticle€6ñ?ñó óñ?ñ€Ð à ÐÌ€€€€€1.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€recognize€the€right€to€work,€which€includes€theÏright€of€everyone€to€theñAñÌ€€€€ñAñ€opportunity€to€gain€his€living€by€work€which€he€freely€chooses€orÏaccepts,€and€will€take€appropriate€steps€to€safeguardñBñÌ€€€€€ñBññCñ€ñCñthis€right.€ÌÌ€€€€€2.€The€steps€to€be€taken€by€a€State€Party€to€the€present€Covenant€to€achieve€the€full€realizationÏof€this€right€shallñDñÌ€€€€ñDñ€include€technical€and€vocational€guidance€and€training€programñFñmeñFñs,€policies€andÏtechniques€to€achieve€steadyñEñÌ€€€€ñEñ€economic,€social€and€cultural€development€and€full€and€productiveÏemployment€under€conditions€safeguardingñGñÌ€€€€ñGñ€fundamental€political€and€economic€freedoms€to€theÏindividual.€ÌÌñ@ñò òñ@ñArticle€7ñ@ñó óñ@ñ€Ð Ð  ÐÌ€€€€€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€recognize€the€right€of€everyone€to€the€enjoyment€ofÏjust€and€ñHñ¢¢¢¢¢ñHñ¢favourable£ñHñ£££££Ì€€€€ñHñ€conditions€of€work€which€ensure,€in€particular:€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(a)€Remuneration€which€provides€all€workers,€as€a€minimum,€with:€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€(¢i£)€Fair€wages€and€equal€remuneration€for€work€of€equal€value€without€distinction€ofÏanyñIñÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ñIñ€kind,€in€particular€women€being€guaranteed€conditions€of€work€not€inferior€to€those€enjoyedÌñJñ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ñJñby€men,€with€equal€pay€for€equal€work;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€(ii)€A€decent€living€for€themselves€and€their€families€in€accordance€with€the€provisionsÏofñKñÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ñKñ€the€present€Covenant;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(b)€Safe€and€healthy€working€conditions;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(c)€Equal€opportunity€for€everyone€to€be€promoted€in€his€employment€to€an€appropriateÏhigher€level,ñLñÌ€€€€€€€€ñLñ€€subject€to€no€considerations€other€than€those€of€seniority€and€competence;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(d€)€Rest,€leisure€and€reasonable€limitation€of€working€hours€and€periodic€holidays€withÏpay,€as€well€asñMñÌ€€€€€€€€ñMñ€€remuneration€for€public€holidays€ÌÌñNñò òñNñArticle€8€ñNñó óñNñÐ p&À!$ ÐÌ€€€€€1.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€undertake€to€ensure:€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(a)€The€right€of€everyone€to€form€trade€unions€and€join€the€trade€union€of€his€choice,Ïsubject€only€to€theñOñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñOñ€rules€of€the€organization€concerned,€for€the€promotion€and€protection€of€hisÏeconomic€and€socialñPñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñPñ€interests.€No€restrictions€may€be€placed€on€the€exercise€of€this€right€otherÏthan€those€prescribed€by€lawñQñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñQñ€and€which€are€necessary€in€a€democratic€society€in€the€interests€ofÏnational€security€or€public€order€orñRñÐ ð-@), Ѐ€€€€€€€€ñRñ€for€the€protection€of€the€rights€and€freedoms€of€others;€Ð ð-@), Ї€€€€€€€€€€(b)€The€right€of€trade€unions€to€establish€national€federations€or€confederations€and€theÏright€of€the€latterñSñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñSñ€to€form€or€join€international€trade-union€organizations;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(c)€The€right€of€trade€unions€to€function€freely€subject€to€no€limitations€other€than€thoseÏprescribed€byñTñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñTñ€law€and€which€are€necessary€in€a€democratic€society€in€the€interests€of€nationalÏsecurity€or€public€orderñUñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñUñ€or€for€the€protection€of€the€rights€and€freedoms€of€others;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(d)€The€right€to€strike,€provided€that€it€is€exercised€in€conformity€with€the€laws€of€theÏparticular€country.€ÌÌ€€€€€2.€This€article€shall€not€prevent€the€imposition€of€lawful€restrictions€on€the€exercise€of€theseÏrights€by€members€of€theñVñÌ€€€€ñVñ€armed€forces€or€of€the€police€or€of€the€administration€of€the€State.€ÌÌ€€€€€3.€Nothing€in€this€article€shall€authorize€States€Parties€to€the€International€¢Labour£Ï¢Organisation£€Convention€of€1948ñWñÌ€€€€ñWñ€concerning€Freedom€of€Association€and€Protection€of€theÏRight€to€Organize€to€take€legislative€measures€which€wouldñXñÌ€€€€ñXñ€prejudice,€or€apply€the€law€in€such€aÏmanner€as€would€prejudice,€the€guarantees€provided€for€in€that€Convention.€ÌÌñYñò òñYñArticle€9ñYñó óñYñ€Ð à ÐÌ€€€€€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€recognize€the€right€of€everyone€to€social€security,Ïincluding€socialñ[ñÌ€€€€ñ[ñ€insurance.€ÌÌñZñò òñZñArticle€10ñZñó óñZñ€Ð @ ÐÌ€€€€€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€recognize€that:€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€1.€The€widest€possible€protection€and€assistance€should€be€accorded€to€the€family,€which€isÏthe€naturalñ\ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ\ñ€and€fundamental€group€unit€of€society,€particularly€for€its€establishment€and€while€itÏis€responsible€for€theñ]ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ]ñ€care€and€education€of€dependent€children.€Marriage€must€be€entered€intoÏwith€the€free€consent€of€theñ^ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ^ñ€intending€spouses.€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€2.€Special€protection€should€be€accorded€to€mothers€during€a€reasonable€period€before€andÏafterñ_ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ_ñ€childbirth.€During€such€period€working€mothers€should€be€accorded€paid€leave€or€leave€withÏadequateñ`ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ`ñ€social€security€benefits.€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€3.€Special€measures€of€protection€and€assistance€should€be€taken€on€behalf€of€all€childrenÏand€youngñañÌ€€€€€€€€€ñañ€persons€without€any€discrimination€for€reasons€of€parentage€or€other€conditions.ÏChildren€and€youngñbñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñbñ€persons€should€be€protected€from€economic€and€social€exploitation.€TheirÏemployment€in€work€harmful€toñcñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñcñ€their€morals€or€health€or€dangerous€to€life€or€likely€to€hamperÏtheir€normal€development€should€beñdñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñdñ€punishable€by€law.€States€should€also€set€age€limits€belowÏwhich€the€paid€employment€of€child€ñeñ¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢ñeñ¢labour£ñeñ££££££££££Ì€€€€€€€€€ñeñ€should€be€prohibited€and€punishable€by€law.€ÌÌñfñò òñfñArticle€11€ñfñó óñfñÐ -P(+ ÐÐ ð-@), Ѐ€€€€1.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€recognize€the€right€of€everyone€to€an€adequateÏstandard€of€living€forñgñÌ€€€€ñgñ€himself€and€his€family,€including€adequate€food,€clothing€and€housing,€andÏto€the€continuous€improvement€of€livingñhñÌ€€€€ñhñ€conditions.€The€States€Parties€will€take€appropriate€stepsÏto€ensure€the€realization€of€this€right,€recognizing€to€thisñiñÌ€€€€ñiñ€effect€the€essential€importance€ofÏinternational€co-operation€based€on€free€consent.€ÌÌ€€€€€2.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant,€recognizing€the€fundamental€right€of€everyoneÏto€be€free€from€hunger,ñjñÌ€€€€ñjñ€shall€take,€individually€and€through€international€co-operation,€theÏmeasures,€including€specific€programñlñmeñlñs,€which€areñkñÌ€€€€ñkñ€needed:€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(a)€To€improve€methods€of€production,€conservation€and€distribution€of€food€by€makingÏfull€use€ofñmñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñmñ€technical€and€scientific€knowledge,€by€disseminating€knowledge€of€the€principles€ofÏnutrition€and€¢byñnñÌ€€€€€€€€€€ñnñdeveloping£€or€reforming€agrarian€systems€in€such€a€way€as€to€achieve€the€mostÏefficient€ñtñ¢ñtññuñ¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢ñuñ¢develoñoñpmñoññpñpeñpññqñmñqññrñenñrññtññrñ£ñrññtññsññrñyñrññsññtñt£ñtññuññtñ££££££££££ñtññuññqñeñqññrñntñrññuñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñuñ€and€utilization€of€natural€resources;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(b)€Taking€into€account€the€problems€of€both€food-importing€and€food-exporting€countries,Ïto€ensure€anñvñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñvñ€equitable€distribution€of€world€food€supplies€in€relation€to€need.€ÌÌñwñò òñwñArticle€12ñwñó óñwñ€Ð à ÐÌ€€€€€1.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€recognize€the€right€of€everyone€to€the€enjoymentÏof€the€highestñyñÌ€€€€ñyñ€attainable€standard€of€physical€and€mental€health.€ÌÌ€€€€€2.€The€steps€to€be€taken€by€the€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€to€achieve€the€fullÏrealization€of€this€right€shallñzñÌ€€€€€ñzññ{ñ€ñ{ñinclude€those€necessary€for:€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(a)€The€provision€for€the€reduction€of€the€stillbirth-rate€and€of€infant€mortality€and€for€theÏhealthyñ|ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ|ñ€development€of€the€child;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(b)€The€improvement€of€all€aspects€of€environmental€and€industrial€hygiene;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(c)€The€prevention,€treatment€and€control€of€epidemic,€endemic,€occupational€and€otherÏdiseases;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(d)€The€creation€of€conditions€which€would€assure€to€all€medical€service€and€medicalÏattention€in€theñ}ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ}ñ€event€of€sickness.€ÌÌñxñò òñxñArticle€13ñxñó óñxñ€Ð `'°"% ÐÌ€€€€€1.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€recognize€the€right€of€everyone€to€education.ÏThey€agree€that€educationñ~ñÌ€€€€ñ~ñ€shall€be€directed€to€the€full€development€of€the€human€personality€andÏthe€sense€of€its€dignity,€and€shall€strengthen€theññÌ€€€€ññ€respect€for€human€rights€and€fundamentalÏfreedoms.€They€further€agree€that€education€shall€enable€all€persons€toñ€ñÌ€€€€€ñ€ñññ€ññparticipate€effectively€in€aÏfree€society,€promote€understanding,€tolerance€and€friendship€among€all€nations€and€allñ‚ñÌ€€€€ñ‚ñ€racial,Ïethnic€or€religious€groups,€and€further€the€activities€of€the€United€Nations€for€the€maintenance€ofÐ ð-@), Ðpeace.€ÌÌ€€€€€2.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€recognize€that,€with€a€view€to€achieving€the€fullÏrealization€of€this€right:€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(a)€Primary€education€shall€be€compulsory€and€available€free€to€all;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(b)€Secondary€education€in€its€different€forms,€including€technical€and€vocationalÏsecondary€education,ñƒñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñƒñ€shall€be€made€generally€available€and€accessible€to€all€by€every€appropriateÏmeans,€and€in€particular€byñ…ñÌ€€€€€€€€€€ñ…ññ†ñ€ñ†ñthe€progressive€introduction€of€free€education;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(c)€Higher€education€shall€be€made€equally€accessible€to€all,€on€the€basis€of€capacity,€byÏeveryñ‡ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ‡ññˆñ€ñˆñ€appropriate€means,€and€in€particular€by€the€progressive€introduction€of€free€education;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(d)€Fundamental€education€shall€be€encouraged€or€intensified€as€far€as€possible€for€thoseÏpersons€whoñ‰ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ‰ñ€have€not€received€or€completed€the€whole€period€of€their€primary€education;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(e)€The€development€of€a€system€of€schools€at€all€levels€shall€be€actively€pursued,€anÏadequateñŠñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñŠñ€fellowship€system€shall€be€established,€and€the€material€conditions€of€teaching€staffÏshall€be€continuouslyñ‹ñÌ€€€€€€€€€€ñ‹ññŒñ€ñŒñimproved.€ÌÌ€€€€€3.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€undertake€to€have€respect€for€the€liberty€ofÏparents€and,€whenññÌ€€€€ññ€applicable,€legal€guardians€to€choose€for€their€children€schools,€other€thanÏthose€established€by€the€public€authorities,ñŽñÌ€€€€ñŽñ€which€conform€to€such€minimum€educationalÏstandards€as€may€be€laid€down€or€approved€by€the€State€and€to€ensureññÌ€€€€ññ€the€religious€and€moralÏeducation€of€their€children€in€conformity€with€their€own€convictions.€ÌÌ€€€€€4.€No€part€of€this€article€shall€be€construed€so€as€to€interfere€with€the€liberty€of€individuals€andÏbodies€to€establish€andññÌ€€€€ññ€direct€educational€institutions,€subject€always€to€the€observance€of€theÏprinciples€set€forth€in€paragraph€I€of€this€articleñ‘ñÌ€€€€ñ‘ñ€and€to€the€requirement€that€the€education€given€inÏsuch€institutions€shall€conform€to€such€minimum€standards€as€mayñ’ñÌ€€€€ñ’ñ€be€laid€down€by€the€State.€ÌÌñ“ñò òñ“ñArticle€14ñ“ñó óñ“ñ€Ð °"  ÐÌ€€€€€Each€State€Party€to€the€present€Covenant€which,€at€the€time€of€becoming€a€Party,€has€not€beenÏable€to€secure€in€itsñ”ñÌ€€€€ñ”ñ€metropolitan€territory€or€other€territories€under€its€jurisdiction€compulsoryÏprimary€education,€free€of€charge,ñ•ñÌ€€€€ñ•ñ€undertakes,€within€two€years,€to€work€out€and€adopt€a€detailedÏplan€of€action€for€the€progressive€implementation,ñ–ñÌ€€€€ñ–ñ€within€a€reasonable€number€of€years,€to€beÏfixed€in€the€plan,€of€the€principle€of€compulsory€education€free€of€chargeñ—ñÌ€€€€ñ—ñ€for€all.€ÌÌñ˜ñò òñ˜ñArticle€15ñ˜ñó óñ˜ñ€Ð 0*€%( ÐÌ€€€€€1.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€recognize€the€right€of€everyone:€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(a)€To€take€part€in€cultural€life;€Ð ð-@), Ї€€€€€€€€€€(b)€To€enjoy€the€benefits€of€scientific€progress€and€its€applications;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(c)€To€benefit€from€the€protection€of€the€moral€and€material€interests€resulting€from€anyÏscientific,ñ™ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ™ñ€literary€or€artistic€production€of€which€he€is€the€author.€ÌÌ€€€€€2.€The€steps€to€be€taken€by€the€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€to€achieve€the€fullÏrealization€of€this€right€shallñšñÌ€€€€ñšñ€include€those€necessary€for€the€conservation,€the€development€andÏthe€diffusion€of€science€and€culture.€ÌÌ€€€€€3.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€undertake€to€respect€the€freedom€indispensableÏfor€scientific€researchñ›ñÌ€€€€ñ›ñ€and€creative€activity.€ÌÌ€€€€€4.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€recognize€the€benefits€to€be€derived€from€theÏencouragement€andñœñÌ€€€€ñœñ€development€of€international€contacts€and€co-operation€in€the€scientific€andÏcultural€fields.€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ññò òññPART€IV€ññó óññÐ ° ÐÌñžñò òñžñArticle€16ñžñó óñžñ€Ð à ÐÌ€€€€€1.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€undertake€to€submit€in€conformity€with€this€partÏof€the€Covenant€reportsñŸñÌ€€€€ñŸñ€on€the€measures€which€they€have€adopted€and€the€progress€made€inÏachieving€the€observance€of€the€rights€recognizedÌ€€€€€herein.€ÌÌ€€€€€2.€ñ¢ñÌñ¢ññ ñÌñ ññ¡ñ€ñ¡ññ¢ñ€€€€€€€€ñ¢ñ€(a)€All€reports€shall€be€submitted€to€the€Secretary-General€of€the€United€Nations,€who€shallÏtransmitñ£ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ£ñ€copies€to€the€Economic€and€Social€Council€for€consideration€in€accordance€with€theÏprovisions€of€theñ¤ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ¤ñ€present€Covenant;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(b)€The€Secretary-General€of€the€United€Nations€shall€also€transmit€to€the€specializedÏagencies€copies€ofñ¥ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ¥ñ€the€reports,€or€any€relevant€parts€therefrom,€from€States€Parties€to€the€presentÏCovenant€which€are€alsoñ¦ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ¦ñ€members€of€these€specialized€agencies€in€so€far€as€these€reports,€or€partsÏtherefrom,€relate€to€anyñ§ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ§ñ€matters€which€fall€within€the€responsibilities€of€the€said€agencies€inÏaccordance€with€their€constitutionalñ¨ñÌ€€€€€€€€€ñ¨ñ€instruments.€ÌÌñ©ñò òñ©ñArticle€17ñ©ñó óñ©ñ€Ð €%Ð # ÐÌ€€€€€1.€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€shall€furnish€their€reports€in€stages,€inÏaccordance€with€a€programñªñmeñªñ€toñ«ñÌ€€€€€ñ«ññ¬ñ€ñ¬ñbe€established€by€the€Economic€and€Social€Council€within€oneÏyear€of€the€entry€into€force€of€the€present€Covenantñ­ñÌ€€€€ñ­ñ€after€consultation€with€the€States€Parties€andÏthe€specialized€agencies€concerned.€ÌÌ€€€€€2.€Reports€may€indicate€factors€and€difficulties€affecting€the€degree€of€fulfilment€ofÏobligations€under€the€presentñ®ñÌ€€€€ñ®ñ€Covenant.€ÌÐ ð-@), Ѐ€€€€3.€Where€relevant€information€has€previously€been€furnished€to€the€United€Nations€or€to€anyÏspecialized€agency€byñ¯ñÌñ¯ññ°ñ€ñ°ññ±ñ€€€€€ñ±ñany€State€Party€to€the€present€Covenant,€it€will€not€be€necessary€toÏreproduce€that€information,€but€a€precise€referenceñ²ñ€ñ²ññ³ñÌ€€€€€ñ³ñto€the€information€so€furnished€will€suffice.€ÌÌñ´ñò òñ´ñArticle€18ñ´ñó óñ´ñ€Ð pÀ ÐÌ€€€€€Pursuant€to€its€responsibilities€under€the€Charter€of€the€United€Nations€in€the€field€of€humanÏrights€and€fundamentalñ¸ñÌñ¸ññ¹ñ€ñ¹ññºñ€€€€€fñºññ»ñfñ»ñreedoms,€the€Economic€and€Social€Council€may€make€arrangementsÏwith€the€specialized€agencies€in€respect€of€theirñ¼ñ€ñ¼ññ½ñÌ€€€€€ñ½ñreporting€to€it€on€the€progress€made€in€achievingÏthe€observance€of€the€provisions€of€the€present€Covenant€fallingñ¾ñ€ñ¾ññ¿ñÌ€€€€€ñ¿ñwithin€the€scope€of€theirÏactivities.€These€reports€may€include€particulars€of€decisions€and€recommendations€on€suchñÀñÌ€ñÀñ€€€Ïimplementation€adopted€by€their€competent€organs.€ÌÌñµñò òñµñArticle€19ñµñó óñµñ€Ð à0  ÐÌ€€€€€The€Economic€and€Social€Council€may€transmit€to€the€Commission€on€Human€Rights€forÏstudy€and€generalñÁñÌ€€€€ñÁñ€recommendation€or,€as€appropriate,€for€information€the€reports€concerningÏhuman€rights€submitted€by€States€inñÂñ€ñÂññÃñÌ€€€€€ñÃñaccordance€with€articles€16€and€17,€and€those€concerningÏhuman€rights€submitted€by€the€specialized€agencies€inñÄñ€ñÄññÅñÌ€€€€€ñÅñaccordance€with€article€18.€ÌÌñ¶ñò òñ¶ñArticle€20ñ¶ñó óñ¶ñ€Ð pÀ ÐÌ€€€€€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€and€the€specialized€agencies€concerned€may€submitÏcomments€to€theñÆñ€ñÆññÇñÌ€€€€€ñÇñEconomic€and€Social€Council€on€any€general€recommendation€under€article€19Ïor€reference€to€such€generalñÈñÌñÈññÉñ€ñÉññÊñ€€€€€ñÊñrecommendation€in€any€report€of€the€Commission€on€Human€RightsÏor€any€documentation€referred€to€therein.€ÌÌñ·ñò òñ·ñArticle€21ñ·ñó óñ·ñ€Ð P ÐÌ€€€€€The€Economic€and€Social€Council€may€submit€from€time€to€time€to€the€General€AssemblyÏreports€withñËñ€ñËññÌñÌ€€€€€ñÌñrecommendations€of€a€general€nature€and€a€summary€of€the€information€receivedÏfrom€the€StañÎññÍñ€ñÍññÎññÍñ¢ñÍññÎñ¢ñÎñtesñÎñ£ñÎññÍñ£ñÍñ€Parties€to€theñÏñ€ñÏññÐñÌ€€€€€ñÐñpresent€Covenant€and€the€specialized€agencies€on€the€measuresÏtaken€and€the€progress€made€in€achieving€generalñÑñÌ€€€€€ñÑññÒñ€ñÒñobservance€of€the€rights€recognized€in€theÏpresent€Covenant.€ÌÌñÓñò òñÓñArticle€22ñÓñó óñÓñ€Ð €%Ð # ÐÌ€€€€€The€Economic€and€Social€Council€may€bring€to€the€attention€of€other€organs€of€the€UnitedÏNations,€their€subsidiaryñÔñ€ñÔññÕñÌ€€€€€ñÕñorgans€and€specialized€agencies€concerned€with€furnishing€technicalÏassistance€any€matters€arising€out€of€the€reportsñÖñ€ñÖññ×ñÌ€€€€€ñ×ñreferred€to€in€this€part€of€the€present€CovenantÏwhich€may€assist€such€bodies€in€deciding,€each€within€its€field€ofñØñ€ñØññÙñÌ€€€€€ñÙñcompetence,€on€the€advisabilityÏof€international€measures€likely€to€contribute€to€the€effective€progressiveñÚñÌ€€€€ñÚñ€implementation€of€theÏpresent€Covenant.€ÌñÛñÌñÛñÐ ð-@), ÐñÜñò òñÜñArticle€23€ñÜñó óñÜñÐ ° ÐÌ€€€€€The€States€Parties€to€the€present€Covenant€agree€that€international€action€for€the€achievementÏof€the€rights€recognizedñÝñÌ€€€€ñÝñ€in€the€present€Covenant€includes€such€methods€as€the€conclusion€ofÏconventions,€the€adoption€of€recommendations,€theñÞñÌ€€€€ñÞñ€furnishing€of€technical€assistance€and€theÏholding€of€regional€meetings€and€technical€meetings€for€the€purpose€ofñßñÌ€€€€ñßñ€consultation€and€studyÏorganized€in€conjunction€with€the€Governments€concerned.€ÌÌñàñò òñàñArticle€24€ñàñó óñàñÐ 0 € ÐÌ€€€€€Nothing€in€the€present€Covenant€shall€be€interpreted€as€impairing€the€provisions€of€theÏCharter€of€the€United€NationsñäñÌ€€€€ñäñ€and€of€the€constitutions€of€the€specialized€agencies€which€defineÏthe€respective€responsibilities€of€the€various€organs€ofñåñÌ€€€€ñåñ€the€United€Nations€and€of€the€specializedÏagencies€in€regard€to€the€matters€dealt€with€in€the€present€Covenant.€ÌÌñáñò òñáñArticle€25ñáñó óñáñ€Ð À ÐÌ€€€€€Nothing€in€the€present€Covenant€shall€be€interpreted€as€impairing€the€inherent€right€of€allÏpeoples€to€enjoy€and€utilizeñæñÌ€€€€€ñæññçñ€ñçñfully€and€freely€their€natural€wealth€and€resources.€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ñâñò òñâñPART€Vñâñó óñâñ€Ð pÀ ÐÌñãñò òñãñArticle€26ñãñó óñãñ€Ð P  ÐÌ€€€€€1.€The€present€Covenant€is€open€for€signature€by€any€State€Member€of€the€United€Nations€orÏmember€of€any€of€itsñèñ€ñèññéñÌ€€€€€ñéñspecialized€agencies,€by€any€State€Party€to€the€Statute€of€the€InternationalÏCourt€of€Justice,€and€by€any€other€Stateñêñ€ñêññëñÌ€€€€€ñëñwhich€has€been€invited€by€the€General€Assembly€of€theÏUnited€Nations€to€become€a€party€to€the€present€Covenant.€ÌÌ€€€€€2.€The€present€Covenant€is€subject€to€ratification.€Instruments€of€ratification€shall€beÏdeposited€with€theñìñ€ñìññíñÌ€€€€€ñíñSecretary-General€of€the€United€Nations.€ÌÌ€€€€€3.€The€present€Covenant€shall€be€open€to€accession€by€any€State€referred€to€in€paragraph€1€ofÏthis€article.€ÌÌ€€€€€4.€Accession€shall€be€effected€by€the€deposit€of€an€instrument€of€accession€with€theÏSecretary-General€of€the€UnitedñîñÌñîññïñ€ñïññðñ€€€€€ñðñNations.€ÌÌ€€€€€5.€The€Secretary-General€of€the€United€Nations€shall€inform€all€States€which€have€signed€theÏpresent€Covenant€orñññ€ññññòñÌ€€€€€ñòñacceded€to€it€of€the€deposit€of€each€instrument€of€ratification€or€accession.€ÌÌñóñò òñóñArticle€27€ñóñó óñóñÐ  +p&) ÐÌ€€€€€1.€The€present€Covenant€shall€enter€into€force€three€months€after€the€date€of€the€deposit€withÏthe€Secretary-GeneralñôñÐ ð-@), Ѐ€€€€ñôññõñ€œñõñof›€the€United€Nations€of€the€thirty-fifth€instrument€of€ratification€orÐ ð-@), Ðinstrument€of€accession.€ÌÌ€€€€€2.€For€each€State€ratifying€the€present€Covenant€or€acceding€to€it€after€the€deposit€of€theÏthirty-fifth€instrument€ofñöñ€ñöññ÷ñÌ€€€€€ñ÷ñratification€or€instrument€of€accession,€the€present€Covenant€shall€enterÏinto€force€three€months€after€the€date€of€theñøñ€ñøññùñÌ€€€€€ñùñdeposit€of€its€own€instrument€of€ratification€orÏinstrument€of€accession.€ÌÌñúñò òñúñArticle€28ñúñó óñúñ€Ð @  ÐÌ€€€€€The€provisions€of€the€present€Covenant€shall€extend€to€all€parts€of€federal€States€without€anyÏlimitations€or€exceptions.€ÌÌñûñò òñûñArticle€29ñûñó óñûñ€Ð ð@  ÐÌ€€€€€1.€Any€State€Party€to€the€present€Covenant€may€propose€an€amendment€and€file€it€with€theÏSecretary-General€of€theñýñ€ñýññþñÌ€€€€€UñþññÿñUñÿñnited€Nations.€The€Secretary-General€shall€thereupon€communicateÏany€proposed€amendments€to€the€States€Partiesññ€ññññÌ€€€€€ññto€the€present€Covenant€with€a€request€that€theyÏnotify€him€whether€they€¢favour£€a€conference€of€States€Parties€for€theññ€ññññÌ€€€€€ññpurpose€of€considering€andÏvoting€upon€the€proposals.€In€the€event€that€at€least€one€third€of€the€States€Parties€¢favours£ññ€ññññÌ€€€€€ññsuch€aÏconference,€the€Secretary-General€shall€convene€the€conference€under€the€auspices€of€the€UnitedÏNations.Ì€€€€€Any€amendment€adopted€by€a€majority€of€the€States€Parties€present€and€voting€at€theÏconference€shall€be€submitted€toññÌññññ€ññññ€€€€€ññthe€General€Assembly€of€the€United€Nations€for€approval.€ÌÌ€€€€€2.€Amendments€shall€come€into€force€when€they€have€been€approved€by€the€GeneralÏAssembly€of€the€United€Nationsñ ñ€ñ ññ ñÌ€€€€€ñ ñand€accepted€by€a€two-thirds€majority€of€the€States€Parties€to€theÏpresent€Covenant€in€accordance€with€theirñ ñÌ€ñ ññ ñ€ñ ññ ñ€€€€ñ ñrespective€constitutional€processes.€ÌÌ€€€€€3.€When€amendments€come€into€force€they€shall€be€binding€on€those€States€Parties€whichÏhave€accepted€them,€otherññ€ññññÌ€€€€€ññStates€Parties€still€being€bound€by€the€provisions€of€the€presentÏCovenant€and€any€earlier€amendment€which€they€haveññÌññññ€ññññ€€€€€ññaccepted.€ÌÌñüñò òñüñArticle€30ñüñó óñüñ€Ð °"  ÐÌ€€€€€Irrespective€of€the€notifications€made€under€article€26,€paragraph€5,€the€Secretary-General€ofÏthe€United€Nations€shallññ€ññññÌ€€€€€ññinform€all€States€referred€to€in€paragraph€I€of€the€same€article€of€theÏfollowing€particulars:€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(a)€Signatures,€ratifications€and€accessions€under€article€26;€ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€(b)€The€date€of€the€entry€into€force€of€the€present€Covenant€under€article€27€and€the€date€ofÏthe€entryññÌññññ€ññññ€€€€€€€€€ññ€into€force€of€any€amendments€under€article€29.€ÌÌññò òññññÌÐ ð-@), ÐññArticle€31ññó óññ€Ð ° ÐÌ€€€€€1.€The€present€Covenant,€of€which€the€Chinese,€English,€French,€Russian€and€Spanish€textsÏare€equally€authentic,€shallññÌ€€€€ññ€be€deposited€in€the€archives€of€the€United€Nations.€ÌÌ€€€€€2.€The€Secretary-General€of€the€United€Nations€shall€transmit€certified€copies€of€the€presentÏCovenant€to€all€Statesññ€œññññÌ€€€€€ññreferred›€to€in€article€26.€Ìœ